Ghosts Happen

Ghosts of ghosts for second class constraints

When one uses the Dirac bracket, second class constraints become first class. Hence, they are amenable to the BRST treatment characteristic of ordinary first class constraints. This observation is the starting point of a recent investigation by Batalin and Tyutin, in which all the constraints are put on the same footing. However, because second class constraints identically vanish as operators ...

Lecture Notes on Ghosts & Differential Ghosts

Lecture 10 on Differential Equations & Differential Invariants and Lecture 11 on Differential Equations & Proofs equipped us with powerful tools for proving properties of differential equations without having to solve them. Differential invariants (dI) [Pla10a, Pla12] prove properties of differential equations by induction based on the right-hand side of the differential equation, rather than i...

How does consciousness happen?

Oc tober 20 07 How brain processes translate to consciousness is one of the greatest unsolved questions in science. Although the scientific method can delineate events immediately after the big bang and uncover the biochemical nuts and bolts of the brain, it has utterly failed to satisfactorily explain how subjective experience is created. As neuroscientists, both of us have made it our life’s ...

Making Security Awareness Happen

INTRODUCTION This article focuses on the first step of providing computer and information system security — developing and implementing an effective security awareness program. One might wonder why security awareness is not considered the same as training. The simple answer: because the desired outcome of each is different. The goal of a security awareness program is to heighten the importance ...

Ghosts of Company.